OPTIMALISASI STERILISASI EKSPLAN MELATI PUTIH (JASMINUM SAMBAC) UNTUK PENANAMAN IN VITRO

FINDA SARI, NPM 2203100058 (2026) OPTIMALISASI STERILISASI EKSPLAN MELATI PUTIH (JASMINUM SAMBAC) UNTUK PENANAMAN IN VITRO. Skripsi thesis, Universitas Labuhanbatu.

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Abstract

Melati putih (Jasminum sambac) merupakan tanaman hias bernilai ekonomi dan sumber metabolit sekunder yang berpotensi dikembangkan melalui teknik kultur jaringan (in vitro). Salah satu kendala utama dalam kultur jaringan adalah tingginya tingkat kontaminasi eksplan, sehingga tahap sterilisasi menjadi faktor penentu keberhasilan inisiasi kultur. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh konsentrasi alkohol (etanol) sebagai agen sterilisasi terhadap tingkat kontaminasi dan viabilitas eksplan nodus melati putih, serta menentukan konsentrasi yang paling efektif. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Kultur Jaringan Universitas Labuhanbatu pada bulan Juni–Agustus 2026, menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) faktor tunggal dengan tiga taraf perlakuan konsentrasi alkohol (20%, 30%, dan 40%) dan enam ulangan. Parameter yang diamati meliputi persentase eksplan kontaminasi, persentase eksplan hidup/viabel, persentase eksplan mati/browning, serta waktu muncul kontaminasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan konsentrasi alkohol cenderung menurunkan persentase kontaminasi dari 67% (20%) menjadi 17% (40%), dengan persentase eksplan steril tertinggi (83%) diperoleh pada konsentrasi 40%, meskipun uji ANOVA menunjukkan pengaruh perlakuan belum berbeda nyata secara statistik (F hitung 1,667 < F tabel 5% sebesar 3,68). Kontaminan yang mendominasi pada seluruh perlakuan adalah jamur, sedangkan kontaminasi bakteri hanya ditemukan pada perlakuan alkohol 20%. Konsentrasi alkohol 40% dinilai paling efektif secara deskriptif karena mampu menekan kontaminasi bakteri hingga 0% dan memperlambat waktu muncul kontaminasi menjadi 7 hari setelah tanam. Penelitian lanjutan dengan jumlah ulangan lebih banyak disarankan untuk memperoleh hasil yang lebih kuat secara statistik. Kata kunci : Kultur Jaringan, Sterilisasi Eksplan, Melati Putih, Alkohol, Kontaminasi ================================================================================================ White jasmine (Jasminum sambac) is an economically valuable ornamental plant and a source of secondary metabolites with potential for development through tissue culture (in vitro) techniques. One of the main obstacles in tissue culture is the high rate of explant contamination, making the sterilization stage a critical determinant of successful culture initiation. This study aimed to determine the effect of alcohol (ethanol) concentrations as a sterilizing agent on the contamination rate and viability of white jasmine nodal explants, as well as to identify the most effective concentration. The research was conducted at the Tissue Culture Laboratory of Labuhanbatu University from June to August 2026, using a single-factor Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with three alcohol concentration treatment levels (20%, 30%, and 40%) and six replications. Parameters observed included contamination percentage, viable/surviving explant percentage, dead/browning explant percentage, and time of contamination onset. The results showed that increasing alcohol concentration tended to decrease the contamination percentage from 67% (20%) to 17% (40%), with the highest percentage of sterile explants (83%) obtained at a 40% concentration, although ANOVA indicated that the treatment effect was not statistically significant (F calculated 1.667 < F-table 5% of 3.68). Fungi were the dominant contaminants across all treatments, while bacterial contamination was only detected in the 20% alcohol treatment. A 40% alcohol concentration was deemed descriptively most effective as it suppressed bacterial contamination to 0% and delayed the onset of contamination to 7 days after planting. Further research with a higher number of replications is recommended to obtain statistically stronger results. Keywords : Tissue Culture, Explant Sterilization, White Jasmine, Alcohol, Contamination

Item Type:	Thesis (Skripsi)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Kultur Jaringan, Sterilisasi Eksplan, Melati Putih, Alkohol, Kontaminasi =========================================== Tissue Culture, Explant Sterilization, White Jasmine, Alcohol, Contamination
Subjects:	S Agriculture > S Agriculture (General) S Agriculture > SB Plant culture
Divisions:	Fakultas Sains Dan Teknologi > Agroteknologi
Depositing User:	Unnamed user with email repository@ulb.ac.id
Date Deposited:	09 Sep 2026 08:14
Last Modified:	09 Sep 2026 08:14
URI:	http://repository.ulb.ac.id/id/eprint/2791

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