OPTIMALISASI STERILISASI EKSPLAN TANAMAN DURIAN (DURIO ZIBETHINUS) UNTUK PENANAMAN IN VITRO

FACHRU ROZI HASIBUAN, NPM 2203100054 (2026) OPTIMALISASI STERILISASI EKSPLAN TANAMAN DURIAN (DURIO ZIBETHINUS) UNTUK PENANAMAN IN VITRO. Skripsi thesis, Universitas Labuhanbatu.

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Abstract

Tingginya tingkat kontaminasi merupakan hambatan utama dalam inisiasi kultur in vitro tanaman berkayu seperti durian (Durio zibethinus). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan kombinasi perlakuan sterilisasi bahan kimia yang paling efektif dalam menekan kontaminasi serta menghasilkan eksplan steril yang paling optimal. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) satu faktor yang terdiri dari tiga taraf kombinasi bahan sterilan (alkohol dan Clorox), yaitu F1 (Alkohol 30% + Clorox 5%), F2 (Alkohol 50% + Clorox 10%), dan F3 (Alkohol 70% + Clorox 15%) dengan enam ulangan. Parameter yang diamati meliputi persentase eksplan steril, persentase kontaminasi, waktu munculnya kontaminasi, serta jenis kontaminan (bakteri dan jamur). Data dianalisis secara statistik menggunakan Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) pada taraf 5% dan uji pembanding Beda Nyata Terkecil (BNT). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan F1 (Alkohol 30% + Clorox 5%) memberikan hasil deskriptif terbaik dengan tingkat sterilitas eksplan sebesar 67% dan kontaminasi sebesar 33%. Sebaliknya, peningkatan konsentrasi pada F2 (Alkohol 50% + Clorox 10%) dan F3 (Alkohol 70% + Clorox 15%) menghasilkan tingkat kontaminasi yang lebih tinggi, masing-masing sebesar 50% dan 83%. Kontaminasi jamur menjadi jenis kontaminan yang paling dominan. Hasil analisis statistik ANOVA (p = 0,236 > 0,05) dan uji BNT menunjukkan tidak ada perbedaan yang signifikan secara statistik antarperlakuan. Walaupun demikian, secara numerik kombinasi Alkohol 30% + Clorox 5% (F1) merupakan perlakuan yang paling potensial untuk menekan kontaminasi tanpa merusak jaringan eksplan durian. Kata Kunci: Durio zibethinus, Eksplan, In Vitro, Kultur Jaringan, Sterilisasi ==================================================================================================== A high level of contamination represents a major bottleneck in initiating in vitro cultures for woody plants such as durian (Durio zibethinus). This study aimed to determine the most effective chemical sterilization protocol to suppress contamination and obtain optimal sterile explants. The experiment was arranged in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with a single factor consisting of three sterilizing combination treatments (alcohol and Clorox): F1 (30% Alcohol + 5% Clorox), F2 (50% Alcohol + 10% Clorox), and F3 (70% Alcohol + 15% Clorox), with six replications each. Parameters observed included the percentage of sterile explants, contamination percentage, onset time of contamination, and types of contaminants (bacteria and fungi). Data were statistically analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) at α = 0.05, followed by the Least Significant Difference (LSD) test. Descriptive results indicated that the F1 treatment (30% Alcohol + 5% Clorox) yielded the best outcome with a 67% sterile explant rate and 33% contamination rate. Conversely, higher concentrations in F2 (50% Alcohol + 10% Clorox) and F3 (70% Alcohol + 15% Clorox) led to higher contamination rates of 50% and 83%, respectively. Fungal contamination was found to be the dominant contaminant type. Statistical analysis via ANOVA (p = 0.236 > 0.05) and the LSD test revealed no statistically significant differences among all treatments. Nevertheless, numerically, the combination of 30% Alcohol + 5% Clorox (F1) holds the greatest potential to suppress contamination without damaging durian explant tissues. Keywords: Durio zibethinus, Explant, In Vitro, Tissue Culture, Sterilization

Item Type:	Thesis (Skripsi)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Durio zibethinus, Eksplan, In Vitro, Kultur Jaringan, Sterilisasi=============Durio zibethinus, Explant, In Vitro, Tissue Culture, Sterilization
Subjects:	Q Science > QK Botany S Agriculture > S Agriculture (General) S Agriculture > SB Plant culture
Divisions:	Fakultas Sains Dan Teknologi > Agroteknologi
Depositing User:	Unnamed user with email repository@ulb.ac.id
Date Deposited:	11 Sep 2026 02:58
Last Modified:	11 Sep 2026 02:58
URI:	http://repository.ulb.ac.id/id/eprint/2807

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