ADITYA DIMAS PRADIPTA, NPM 2202100082 (2026) KAJIAN YURIDIS PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM TERHADAP PEMEGANG HAK CIPTA LAGU DALAM KASUS PENGGUNAAN TANPA IZIN DI PLATFORM DIGITAL (STUDI PUTUSAN MAHKAMAH AGUNG NOMOR 854K/PDT.Sus-HKI/2023). Skripsi thesis, Universitas Labuhanbatu.
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Abstract
Maraknya penggunaan karya musik tanpa izin di platform digital menjadi salah satu persoalan hukum yang belum tuntas diselesaikan di Indonesia. Kasus yang melibatkan PT Aquarius Pustaka Musik melawan Bigo Technology Pte. Ltd. menjadi cermin nyata dari persoalan tersebut. Sebanyak 168 lagu milik Aquarius ditemukan digunakan secara bebas di aplikasi Likee platform berbasis User Generated Content (UGC) milik Bigo tanpa lisensi maupun izin dari pemegang hak cipta. Gugatan yang semula ditolak di tingkat Pengadilan Niaga Jakarta Pusat akhirnya bergulir ke Mahkamah Agung dan melahirkan Putusan Nomor 854K/Pdt.Sus-HKI/2023, yang menghukum Bigo membayar ganti rugi sebesar Rp5 miliar. Penelitian ini mengkaji dua hal: pertama, bagaimana bentuk tanggung jawab dan perlindungan hukum bagi pemegang hak cipta lagu atas penggunaan tanpa izin di platform digital menurut Undang-Undang Nomor 28 Tahun 2014 tentang Hak Cipta, kedua, bagaimana pertimbangan hukum Mahkamah Agung dalam memutus perkara tersebut. Metode yang digunakan adalah penelitian hukum normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan, pendekatan kasus, dan pendekatan konseptual. Data bersumber dari bahan hukum primer berupa putusan pengadilan dan undang-undang, serta bahan hukum sekunder berupa literatur dan jurnal hukum yang relevan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Bigo Technology tidak dapat berlindung di balik prinsip safe harbor semata, karena secara aktif menyediakan music library di dalam aplikasinya sebagai fitur komersial bukan sekadar platform penampung pasif. Mahkamah Agung menilai tindakan tersebut memenuhi unsur perbuatan melawan hukum dan secara langsung merugikan hak ekonomi pemegang hak cipta sebagaimana diatur dalam Pasal 9 juncto Pasal 80 Undang Undang Hak Cipta. Putusan ini sekaligus menegaskan bahwa ketentuan hukum hak cipta Indonesia berlaku terhadap perusahaan asing yang layanannya dapat diakses dan dikonsumsi oleh publik di wilayah Indonesia, dengan mengacu pada prinsip National Treatment dalam Konvensi Bern. Selain itu, perlindungan hukum terhadap pemegang hak cipta mencakup dua jalur: preventif melalui mekanisme lisensi dan perjanjian yang jelas, serta represif melalui gugatan perdata di Pengadilan Niaga. Kata Kunci: Hak Cipta, Platform Digital, User Generated Content, Perlindungan Hukum, Putusan Mahkamah Agung =========================================================== The widespread use of copyrighted music without permission on digital platforms remains one of the unresolved legal issues in Indonesia. The dispute between PT Aquarius Pustaka Musik and Bigo Technology Pte. Ltd. illustrates this problem clearly. A total of 168 songs owned by Aquarius were found freely used on the Likee application a User Generated Content (UGC) platform operated by Bigo without any license or prior permission from the copyright holder. The lawsuit, initially rejected by the Commercial Court of Central Jakarta, was elevated to the Supreme Court, which issued Decision Number 854K/Pdt.Sus-HKI/2023 ordering Bigo to pay IDR 5 billion in damages. This study examines two main issues: first, the form of legal liability and protection for copyright holders of songs against unauthorized use on digital platforms under Law Number 28 of 2014 on Copyright; second, the legal reasoning of the Supreme Court in adjudicating the case. A normative legal research method is employed, using statutory, case, and conceptual approaches. Data were drawn from primary legal sources including court decisions and legislation, as well as secondary sources such as legal literature and journals. The findings reveal that Bigo Technology could not solely rely on the safe harbor principle, as it actively provided a built-in music library within the application as a commercial feature not merely a passive hosting platform. The Supreme Court found that such conduct constituted an unlawful act that directly harmed the economic rights of the copyright holder under Articles 9 and 80 of the Copyright Law. The decision also affirms that Indonesian copyright law applies to foreign companies whose services are accessible to the Indonesian public, pursuant to the National Treatment principle under the Berne Convention. Furthermore, legal protection for copyright holders operates through two channels: preventive protection through licensing agreements, and repressive protection through civil lawsuits in the Commercial Court and criminal sanctions under Article 113 of the Copyright Law. Keywords: Copyright, Digital Platform, User Generated Content, Legal Protection, Supreme Court Decision
| Item Type: | Thesis (Skripsi) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Hak Cipta, Platform Digital, User Generated Content, Perlindungan Hukum, Putusan Mahkamah Agung===============Copyright, Digital Platform, User Generated Content, Legal Protection, Supreme Court Decision |
| Subjects: | K Law > K Law (General) |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Hukum > Hukum |
| Depositing User: | Unnamed user with email repository@ulb.ac.id |
| Date Deposited: | 21 Oct 2026 04:27 |
| Last Modified: | 21 Oct 2026 04:27 |
| URI: | http://repository.ulb.ac.id/id/eprint/2937 |
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